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Access the B102–2017 and B202–2020 

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B102-2017 Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Architect without a Predefined Scope of Architect’s Services

B202-2020, Standard Form of Architect’s Services: Programming

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Architectural programming is a crucial first step in the design process, guiding architects and owners in establishing project goals, performance requirements, and design criteria. This research and decision-making phase lays the foundation for the entire design journey, from initial concept to construction documentation. It serves as a vital communication tool throughout the project, ensuring that all participants are aligned on objectives, expectations, and deliverables. 

In architectural programming, the process can vary significantly depending on the scope of the project, the owner’s needs, and the complexity of the space. Architects typically start with a general draft of the program, which evolves into a final document as they gather more information and refine the design. While programming can be time-consuming and costly, it is essential for ensuring the project’s success. The fees associated with architectural programming can vary and are often challenging to estimate upfront as part of the architect’s basic services. In some projects, the owner may hire one architect to handle the programming phase and later hire another architect for design services. In others, the owner may request that the design architect include programming within their design contract. 

To dive deeper into architectural programming, including the B202-2020 update, be sure to watch the full video series from AIA Contract Documents. Watch now > 

What is Architectural Programming and Why is it Essential? 

Architectural programming involves detailed research and decision-making to define the project’s vision, goals, and specific requirements. It plays a fundamental role in establishing performance and design criteria, which guide the design team and ensure the project aligns with the owner’s objectives. 

• Role of Programming in the Architecture Design Process: Programming helps architects understand the client’s needs, including functional requirements, spatial organization, sustainability goals, and site conditions. This information lays the groundwork for developing a design that is both efficient and effective in meeting project goals. 

Key Changes in the B202-2020 Document for Architects and Owners 

The updated B202-2020, Standard Form of Architect’s Services: Programming, has introduced several key changes to better serve both architects and owners. This document is paired with the B102-2017 Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Architect without a Predefined Scope of Architect’s Services, but it can also be used with other AIA agreements to fulfill the owner’s programming requirements. 

A Deep Dive into the Revised B202: Scope, Goals, and Documentation 

The B202-2020 revision offers greater clarity and detail on the scope of programming services, ensuring that architects and owners are on the same page regarding the project’s objectives. It allows the following: 

• Describing the scope of programming services 

• Identifying the owner’s sustainability objectives 

• Naming consultants and contractors who will affect the programming process 

• Stipulating the project’s budget and schedule 

How the B202 Helps Establish Design Criteria 

The updated B202 document emphasizes the importance of identifying, discussing, and prioritizing the project’s values, goals, and objectives. These discussions establish clear performance and design criteria that are essential in guiding the project from concept to completion. The process involves gathering project data, analyzing this information, and creating program documents that can be used throughout the design and construction phases. 

The Final Program Document: What Does It Include? 

The result of the architectural programming phase is the Program Document, a comprehensive written guide that serves as the blueprint for the project’s design. This document includes essential information such as: 

• Executive Summary: A high-level overview of the project’s goals and objectives. 

• Vision, Goals, Values, and Objectives: Detailed articulation of the project’s core mission. 

• Key Strategies for Achieving the Vision: Practical steps to implement the vision. 

• Sustainability and Wellness Goals: Environmental and health-related targets for the project. 

• Jurisdictional Requirements: Legal and regulatory standards. 

• Facility Standards: Criteria for the facility’s layout, functionality, and capacity. 

• Detailed Documentation: Information on spatial needs, adjacencies, flexibility, and growth. 

• Adjacency Diagrams and Flow Charts: Visual aids showing the relationships between different spaces. 

• Photography, Sketches, and Bubble Diagrams: Visual documentation to clarify spatial planning. 

• Schedules and Area Requirements: Detailed schedules and space area calculations. 

• Appendices: Additional references and resources. 

This program document provides architects with the critical information needed to begin the design phase and ultimately develop a successful project. 

Understanding the Value of Architectural Programming for Owners and Architects 

Architectural programming is not just a process for architects but an essential tool for owners as well. By clarifying the project’s goals, the program ensures that both parties understand the vision and constraints. This early alignment fosters a more efficient design process, reducing the risk of misunderstandings and scope changes later on. The B202-2020 update provides architects and owners with a clear framework for this phase, helping them navigate the complexities of project planning. 

To learn more about architectural programming, be sure to check out the full AIA Contract Document video series, where experts like Mike Koger, AIA, Esq., Director & Counsel at AIA Contract Documents, Wolf Saar, FAIA LEED AP, Managing Principal at VIA Architecture, and Colleen Telling, Esq., Manager and Counsel at AIA Contract Documents, discuss the nuances of the programming process and the newly revised B202 document.