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January 11, 2023
When initiating a construction project, one of the first critical decisions an owner must make is selecting the appropriate project delivery method. Common delivery methods include Design-Bid-Build, Design-Build, Progressive Design-Build, and the focus of this article—Construction Manager (CM). If an owner opts for the CM approach, they can choose between two contractual structures: Construction Manager as Advisor (CMa) and Construction Manager as Constructor (CMc).
What is a Construction Manager as Advisor (CMa)?
Under the CMa delivery method, the Construction Manager acts as an independent consultant to the owner throughout all phases of the project. The CM is directly contracted by the owner to provide professional services and oversee the administration of multiple contracts between the owner and various contractors.
Key Responsibilities of a CMa:
- Advising on budgeting and scheduling during the design phase.
- Assisting with bid preparation and contractor selection.
- Overseeing contract administration to ensure project efficiency.
- Acting as an owner’s representative, ensuring compliance with project goals.
Once the design phase is complete, the CMa manages and coordinates construction activities similarly to a general contractor but without directly performing the work. To formalize this approach, owners should use the AIA Documents A132-2019, A232-2019, B132-2019, and C132-2019.
What is a Construction Manager as Constructor (CMc)?
The CMc delivery method combines the advisory role of a construction manager with the responsibilities of a contractor. The CM serves as an advisor during preconstruction and later transitions into the role of a builder, responsible for delivering the project within a Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP).
Key Responsibilities of a CMc:
- Providing preconstruction advisory services, such as feasibility assessments and cost estimates.
- Developing and presenting a Guaranteed Maximum Price proposal for owner approval.
- Overseeing the procurement and management of labor and materials.
- Ensuring construction is completed on time and within budget while maintaining quality standards.
A key advantage of CMc is that portions of the preconstruction and construction phases can overlap, allowing for faster project completion. Owners choosing this method should use AIA Documents A201-2017, B133-2019, and either A133-2019 or A134-2019.
Choosing the Right CM Delivery Method
The decision between CMa and CMc depends on the owner’s project goals, budget considerations, and desired level of control. CMa is best suited for owners who prefer direct involvement in contract management, while CMc is ideal for those seeking a streamlined approach with a guaranteed price commitment.
By understanding these two distinct Construction Manager roles, owners can make informed decisions that align with their project’s scope, complexity, and financial objectives.
AIA Contract Documents has provided this article for general informational purposes only. The information provided is not a legal opinion or legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship of any kind. This article is also not intended to provide guidance as to how project parties should interpret their specific contracts or resolve contract disputes, as those decisions will need to be made in consultation with legal counsel, insurance counsel, and other professionals, and based upon a multitude of factors.